Define Internet. Explain the history and growth of Internet.
https://www.computersprofessor.com/2016/05/define-internet-explain-history-and.html
The internet is a global system of
networked computers together with their users and data.
‘Internet’ refers to the global
information system that
Ø
Is
logically linked together by a globally unique address space based on the
Internet Protocol (IP) or its sub sequence extensions.
Ø
Is
able to support communications using the TCP/IP suite or its subsequent
extensions.
Ø
Provides,
uses or makes accessible, either publicly or privately, high level services
layered on the communications or related infrastructure describe here in.
In 1960s there is no networking. In
those days Internet concept was packet switching, in which data to be
transmitted is divided into small packets of information and labeled to
identify the sender and recipient. The packets were sent over a network and
then reassembled at their destination. In 1969, Bolt, Beranck and Newman
designed a network called the Advanced Research Projects Agency Network
(ARPANET) for United States Department of Defense.
In 1970s the ARPA was used primarily
by military, some of the large companies like IBM, and universities for e-mail.
In 1970s the use of LAN (Local Area Network) became more prevalent. By 1972,
the ARPANET was International with nodes in Europe at the University College in
London, England and the Royal Radar Establishment in Norway. The number of
nodes on the network was upto 23. In 1979 User Network USENET was started by
using UUCP to connect Duke University and the University of North Carolina at
Chapel Hill. In 1980s Statistics set of rules governing how networks making up
the ARPANET communicate, was established. This set of rules is known as TCP/IP.
As Internet became larger the DNS
(Domain Name System) was developed. In 1980 the CSNET (Computer Science
Network) connected all University Computer Science Department in USA. In 1990s,
lots of commercial organizations started getting on-line Graphical browsing
tools were developed, and the programming language HTML allowed users all over
the world to publish on what was called the World Wide Web (WWW).
The Internet is still growing at a
rate of 100 percent each year. There were a number of key reasons for the
Internet’s great success.
a.
Decisions
were made on a technical rather than political basis.
b.
The
Internet did not require a centralized structure that would not scale up.
c.
Due
to the homogeneity of language and outlook, a sharp focus on the Internet itself could be maintained.
d.
The
internet allowed people to do things of inherent interest, such as send and
receive email.
e.
The
software involved was free or very low cost.