What is a Topology? Explain different Types of Network Typologies?

Network topology:- Network topology describes the connection of computers to each other. Some common network typologies include star, ring, bus, mesh and tree configurations. These typologies are defined below. Bus Topology:- In local network where bus topology is used, each node is connected to a single cable. Each computer from the source travels in both directions to all machines connected on the bus cable. A signal from the source travels in both directions to all machines connected on the bus cable until it finds the intended address for the data the machine ignores the data. Alternatively, if the data finds the address, the data is accepted since the bus topology consists of only on wire, it is rather inexpensive to implement when compared to other typologies. However, the low cost of implementing the technology is effect by the high cost of managing the network. Additionally since only one cable is utilized it can be the single point of failure. If the network cable is terminated on both ends and when without termination data transfer stop and when cable breaks the entire network will be down.  Star Topology:- In a star topology Host is connected to a central hub with a point to point connection. In star topology every node or any other principle is connected to central node called hub or switch. The switch is the server and the peripherals are the clients. The network does not necessary have to (assemble) resemble a star. The star topology is the simplicity of adding additional nodes. The primary disadvantage of the star topology is that hub represents a single point of failure. Ring topology:- A network topology that is set up in a circular fashion in which data travels around the ring in one direction and each device on the ring acts as a repeater to keep. Each device in it incorporates a receiver for the incoming signal and a translator to send the data on to the next device in the ring. The network is dependent on the ability of the signal to travel around the ring, when a device sends data. it must travel through each device on the ring until it reaches its destination. Mesh topology: - In the topology shown above, there is only one possible path from one node to another node if any cable in that path is broken, the nodes cannot communicate. Mesh topology uses lots of cable to connect every node with every other node. It is very expensive to wire up but if any cable fails, there are many other ways for two nodes to communicate. Tree topology:- Also known as the “Hierarchal topology”.  The tree topology is a combination of bus and star topologies they are very common is large networks. A typical sceneries is a file server connected to a back bone cable (ex: Coaxial) that runs through the building form which switches are connected, branching out to work stations.