Explain Briefly about Jumping Statements in C?

C permits a jump from one statement to another with in a loop as well as a jump out of a loop.

The statements that are used to transfer the execution control from one location to another in the program without checking any condition are called unconditional (or) jumping statements.

The following are such type of statements:

1. Break                    

2. Continue              

3. goto

1.break: (or) jumping out of a loop:

The keyword is used to terminate the execution of a block (or) loop. An early exit from a loop can be accomplished by using the break statement.

Syntax:– break;

When a break statement is encountered inside a loop, the loop is immediately exited & the program continues with the statement  immediately  following the loop.

When the loops are nested, the break would n exit from the loop containing it i.e., the break will exit only a single loop.

Ex:–Program to check whether the given number is prime or not

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

main()

{

int i,n,count=0;

printf(“entre n value”);

scanf(“%d”,&n);

for(i=2;i<=n/2;i++)

{

if(n%i==0)

{

count++;

break;

}

}

if(count==0)

printf(“given no is not a prime”);

getch();

}

2.Continue (or) skipping a part of a loop:–

During the loop operations, it may be necessary to skip  a part of the body of the loop under certain conditions.

Like the break statement, C supports another similar statement called the continue statement. However unlike the break which causes the loop to be terminated, the continue, as the name implies, causes the loop to be continued with the next iteration after skipping any statements in between.

The continue statement tells the compiler, “skip the following statements & continue with the next iteration.

Syntax:–continue;

In while & do loops, continue causes the control to go directly to the test condition & then to continue the iteration process. In the case of for loop, the increment section of the loop is executed before the test condition is evaluated.

3.Goto statement :–

C supports the goto statement to branch unconditionally from one point to another in the program.

The goto requires a label inorder to identify the place where the branch is to be made. A label is any valid variable name, & must be followed by a colon.

The label is placed immediately before the statement where the control is to be transferred. The general forms of goto & label statements are

Syntax:

The label cab be anywhere in the program either before or after the goto label; statement.

If the label: is before the statement goto label; a loop will be formed & some statements will be executed repeatedly. Such a jump is known as a backward jump.

On the other hand, if the label: is placed after the goto label; some statements will be skipped & the jump is known as forward jump.